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Kingdom of Italy Flag - Italy
Kingdom of Italy
Information
Real Name: Regno d'Italia
Capital: Rome
Religion: Roman Catholicism
Queen: Catherine de' Medici
(Queen Mother of France)
Nobles: Lady Donatella

Count Vincent
Olivia D'Amencourt
Lucrezia de' Medici
Hortenza de' Medici
Francesca de' Medici
Pietro de' Medici
Roman de' Medici

Members: Pope Clement VII
Houses: House of Medici
Affiliations: Kingdom of France Flag - France

Kingdom of Scotland Flag - Scotland
House of Medici


Italy is a proud and very Catholic country made up of many different principalities, duchies and domains. All of its subjects are of the Roman Catholic faith. Rome is where the Pope lives, and all royal marriages have to be acknowledged and agreed upon by the Pope himself.

In Reign[]

Despite never being shown on the show, Italy was an important part of the show due to Catherine de' Medici's strong presence on the show.

Season 1[]

When Catherine was tried for adultery by King Henry, she called in her family from Rome, Francesca and Pietro de' Medici. As Catherine asked, they forced the Pope to deny Henry's request to grant him an annulment.

In History[]

The Renaissance

Following the Peace of Cateau Cambrésis (1559), France renounced its claims in the Duchy of Milan and on the Spanish viceroyalties of the Mezzogiorno. Some of the Italian states were under the rule of powerful dynasties: the Medici in Tuscany, the Farnese in Parma, the Este in Modena, and the Savoy in Piedmont. While the southern kingdoms of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia were under the direct rule of the Spanish Empire.

Piedmont returned to the Savoy from France due to the role played by the duke Emmanuel Philibert in the battle of St Quentin during the Italian War of 1551–1559. The House of Savoy was "Italianized" at the end of the Italian wars, as Emmanuel Philibert made Turin the capital of the savoyard state and Italian the official language.

The House of Medici kept ruling Florence, thanks to an agreement signed between the Pope and Charles V in 1530, and was later recognized as the ruling family of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany by Pope Pius V. The same Pope arranged the Holy League, a coalition of Venice and other maritime states that defeated the invading Ottoman forces at the naval battle of Lepanto (1571).

The Papal States launched the Counter-Reformation, which lasted from the Council of Trent (1545–1563) to the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.

The Italian Wars

The Italian Wars were a series of conflicts covering the period 1494 to 1559, fought mostly in the Italian peninsula, but later expanding into Flanders, the Rhineland and the Mediterranean Sea. The primary belligerents were the Valois kings of France, and their Habsburg opponents in the Holy Roman Empire and Spain. They were supported by various Italian states at different stages of the war, with limited involvement from England and the Ottoman Empire.

The Italic League established in 1454 achieved a balance of power in Italy, but fell apart after the death of its chief architect, Lorenzo de' Medici, in 1492. Combined with the ambition of Ludovico Sforza, its collapse allowed Charles VIII of France to invade Naples in 1494, which drew in Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Despite being forced to withdraw in 1495, Charles showed the Italian states were wealthy, but vulnerable due to political divisions, making parts of Italy a battleground in the struggle for European domination between France and the Habsburgs.

Fought with considerable brutality, the wars took place against the background of religious turmoil caused by the Reformation, particularly in France and the Holy Roman Empire. They are seen as a turning point in the evolution from medieval to modern warfare, with the use of the arquebus or handgun becoming common, along with significant technological improvements in siege artillery. Literate commanders and modern printing methods also make them one of the first conflicts with a significant number of contemporary accounts, including those of Francesco Guicciardini, Niccolò Machiavelli and Blaise de Montluc.

After 1503, most of the fighting was initiated by French invasions of Lombardy and Piedmont, but although able to hold territory for periods of time, they could not do so permanently. By 1557, both France and the Empire were confronted by internal divisions over religion, while Spain faced a potential revolt in the Spanish Netherlands. The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559) largely expelled France from northern Italy, gaining in exchange Calais and the Three Bishoprics; it established Spain as the dominant power in the south, controlling Naples and Sicily, as well as Milan in the north.


House of Medici[]

v  d  e
King: Queen: Catherine de' Medici (Regent of France)
House of de' Medici
Heir: Lands: Kingdom of France
Title(s): Queen Consort of France · Queen Regent of France · Duchess of Urbino
Deceased Members: Pope Clement VII · Hortenza de' Medici
Household: ·

Family Tree[]

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Lorenzo de' Medici
   
   
Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Henry II of France
   
   
Catherine de' Medici
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Mary, Queen of Scots
   
   
Francis II of France
   
   
Elisabeth of Valois
   
   
Philip II of Spain
   
   
Claude of Calois
   
   
   
   
   
   
Charles IX of France
   
   
Henry III of France
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Isabella Clara Eugenia
   
   
Catherine Michelle
   
   
Henry II, Duke of Lorraine
   
   
Christina of Lorraine
   
   
Marie Elisabeth
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